Arthritis: finding the right information and care
Updated: Oct 15
By Andy Duckmanton, BOst (Hons), GOsC registered osteopath.
Editorial update: 15 October 2026.
Arthritis describes a group of conditions that affect joints. Pain, stiffness and swelling can have different causes, so the diagnosis matters when choosing care. This overview helps you find the most relevant information.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis involves changes in the whole joint, including cartilage and bone. Its effect varies between people and it does not inevitably get worse. Treatment decisions should reflect your symptoms and daily function, rather than an X-ray description alone.
The hip and knee osteoarthritis guide explains exercise, treatment choices and the limited role of hands-on care. If you do not have a diagnosis, begin with the knee pain guide or hip and thigh pain guide.
Inflammatory arthritis
In conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis, inflammation has a central role. They may affect several joints and other aspects of health. Medical assessment and appropriate disease treatment are important.
Rheumatoid arthritis: persistent swollen joints, early referral and living with treatment.
Axial spondyloarthritis: symptoms and assessment: when back or buttock symptoms should prompt a discussion with your GP.
Living with axial spondyloarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis: exercise, medical care and precautions after diagnosis.
Symptoms to have assessed
Ask your GP about unexplained joint swelling, prolonged stiffness or symptoms affecting several joints. Mention fatigue, psoriasis, bowel inflammation, eye problems and relevant family history rather than discussing only the most painful spot.
A sudden very painful, hot or swollen joint needs urgent advice from a GP or NHS 111, particularly with fever, shivering or feeling unwell. Infection is one possible cause and may occur without every typical symptom. Do not assume it is your usual arthritis or wait for a routine osteopathy appointment.
Supportive musculoskeletal care
Advice about movement, daily tasks and exercise may help with suitable musculoskeletal problems. Any hands-on treatment should have a clear purpose and account for your diagnosis, medicines and other care.
Osteopathy does not reverse arthritis, regrow cartilage or control inflammatory disease. If you have inflammatory arthritis, follow your medical team's plan and discuss new or worsening symptoms with them. Additional care should support that plan and should not delay referral.
Pain can also be felt away from its source: for example, hip pain may be felt towards the knee. The referred-pain article explains why assessment sometimes includes more than the painful area. See Choosing the right help for a comparison of care options.
Sources and further information
Sources checked: 13 October 2026.